1. Homer, (complete, or at minimum Books I, VI, IX, XVI, XXII, XXIV)
2. Thucydides, , Book V (the Melian Dialogue)
3. Plato, Book II; Book I
4. Aristotle, Book VII, Chapters 13–15
5. Augustine, Book XIX, Chapters 7, 12–13, 28
6. Aquinas, II-II, Questions 29 (on peace) and 40 (on war)
7. Machiavelli, , Chapters 14 and 18
8. Hobbes, , Part I Chapter 13; Part II Chapter 17
9. Locke, , Chapters 2–4
10. Montesquieu, , Books I and X
11. Rousseau, , Book I; , Part II
12. Kant, ; Idea of a Universal History
13. Hamilton and Madison, Nos. 6, 7, 15–16
14. Hegel, , Part III, paragraphs 324–340
15. Tolstoy, (complete, or the Borodino sequence and the Epilogue)