Logic

Dialectic is the highest intellectual method, ascending from hypotheses to unconditioned first principles — logic is not a set of rules but a path to the Forms.

Logic is not a science but the instrument of all science: the organon that trains the mind in the formal patterns of demonstration.

Logic is the liberal art that directs the act of reason itself, indispensable to every science as the instrument that forms the mind before it engages its subject matter.

The syllogism commands assent but cannot grip the subtlety of nature; a new organon based on systematic experience must replace it.

True method is not the syllogism but a chain of intuitions and deductions proceeding by ordered steps from what is simple to what was obscure.

The capacity for reasoning comes from God and nature; formal logic adds little to what the natural use of the understanding already achieves.

The laws of logic govern formal inference; the laws of association describe how the mind actually moves — neither can establish the factual conclusions that reason seeks.

General logic abstracts from all content of thought and treats only its form; transcendental logic investigates the a priori conditions under which objects first become thinkable.

Logic is the science of proof or evidence, embracing both deductive and inductive reasoning; all knowledge ultimately rests on observed experience, including the axioms of logic itself.