1. Aristotle, , Books II, VII (virtue as habit; continence and incontinence)
2. Epictetus, , Books II–III (the discipline of assent; habit of attention to what is in our power)
3. Marcus Aurelius, , Books II, IV, VIII (daily renewal; present-mindedness as practice)
4. Augustine, , Books VIII–IX (the divided will; how the habit of sin binds even the convert)
5. Aquinas, , I-II, Questions 49–54 (the nature of habit; acquired and infused habits)
6. Hume, , Book I, Part III, Section 14 (custom as the foundation of causal belief)
7. James, , Chapter IV ("Habit")
8. Freud, , Lectures 16–18 (transference and the repetition compulsion)